Watercolor paper can be overwhelming at first. It comes in a variety of textures, weights, and sizes—many of which are not intuitively named. If you’ve ever found yourself confused by all the options, don’t worry—I’ve done the research for you! This guide will walk you through everything you need to know about watercolor paper, including different qualities, textures, and the best options for your projects.

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What Is Watercolor Paper, and Why Does It Matter? Watercolor paper is specifically designed to handle the unique demands of watercolor painting. Unlike regular paper, which disintegrates when exposed to large amounts of water, watercolor paper is absorbent and durable. It is typically made from wood pulp, cotton, or a blend of both. The higher the cotton content, the more durable the paper is—but also the more expensive. Cotton fibers allow the paper to absorb water without warping excessively, making it the preferred choice for professional artists. If you use a traditional prepped canvas, you’ll find it lacks the absorbency needed for watercolor techniques unless treated with an absorbent ground.

Rough, Hot Press, Cold Press

Watercolor Paper Types: Academic vs. Professional Quality

When choosing watercolor paper, you’ll generally encounter two categories: academic quality and professional quality.

Academic Quality: More affordable option

• Made primarily of wood pulp
• Typically acid-free to prevent yellowing over time
• Less durable and absorbent than professional paper
• Best for practice, sketching, or experimenting

Professional Quality

• Made from 100% cotton
• Acid-free for longevity
• Superior absorbency and durability
• Ideal for layering multiple washes and creating artwork to frame or sell

If you are just beginning your watercolor journey or practicing new techniques, academic quality paper is a budget-friendly option. However, for serious work, investing in professional quality paper will enhance your results and ensure your artwork stands the test of time.

Watercolor Paper Texture

Watercolor paper is available in three textures: rough, cold-pressed (called “not” in the UK), and hot-pressed. Each texture serves a different purpose and will impact how your paint interacts with the surface.

Rough Watercolor Paper

Most textured surface

• Most absorbent option
• Ideal for creating soft gradients and washes
• Difficult to achieve fine details due to the rough surface

Rough watercolor paper is made by pressing the sheets between textured felt during manufacturing. This texture enhances the paint’s ability to blend smoothly without puddling. If you prefer a bold, expressive style with loose brushwork, rough watercolor paper might be the perfect choice.

Cold-Pressed Watercolor Paper (Not)

• Medium texture (a balance between rough and smooth)
• Most popular choice among watercolor artists
• Provides enough texture for grip while allowing for detail work
• Absorbency is moderate, making it versatile for various techniques

Cold-pressed paper is the most commonly used watercolor paper because of its versatility. Whether you’re painting landscapes, portraits, or still-life, this texture offers a balance of absorbency and detail capability. It’s a great all-around option for beginners and professionals alike.

Hot-Pressed Watercolor Paper

• Smoothest surface with very little texture
• Least absorbent option
• Best for highly detailed paintings
• Ideal for ink and watercolor combinations

Hot-pressed paper is excellent for artists who love intricate details. Since the surface is smooth, it’s also great for mixed media projects where fine pen work or colored pencils might be used alongside watercolors. However, because it is less absorbent, it may take longer for paint to dry and may not hold multiple washes as well as rough or cold-pressed paper.

Choosing the Right Watercolor Paper for Your Needs

Selecting the best watercolor paper depends on your artistic style, the level of detail you want to achieve, and how much water you plan to use in your paintings.

• For beginners or practice: Academic quality cold-pressed paper is a good starting point.
• For detailed artwork or mixed media: Hot-pressed professional quality paper works best.
• For expressive, bold washes: Rough professional quality paper allows for beautiful blending and texture.
• For a balance of texture and detail: Cold-pressed professional quality paper is the most versatile option.

By understanding the different qualities, textures, and types of watercolor paper available, you can make an informed decision that enhances your painting experience. The right paper can elevate your work, making watercolor painting even more enjoyable and rewarding!

Do you have a favorite type of watercolor paper? Share your experiences in the comments below!